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本文运用经济人假设分别从供给和需求两方面探析教育经费不足的微观原因。由于教育经费的供给主体和需求主体都是经济人,为了实现个人利益最大化,教育经费的供给主体往往不愿意加大教育投入,而需求主体则力图扩张教育经费需求,由此导致教育经费不足。 相似文献
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孙江 《常熟理工学院学报》2004,18(1):5-7,60
发展是当代世界主题之一,更是当代中国社会历史演进的主旋律.用"从后思索"的研究方法来审视当年马克思给我们留下的历史文本,我们可以看出马克思在当年考察资本全球化时期所提出的发展思想依然具有一定的现实意义.这些思想在时代的包装下演化成应用性部门哲学--发展哲学.马克思的发展哲学思想可以概括为发展主体的人文关怀、交往实践辩证法、发展问题的哲学解决方案三个方面. 相似文献
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Shenghui Guo Bin Jiang Fanglai Zhu Qingbin Gao 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2019,356(18):11741-11759
In this paper, the problem of state and unknown input estimations for a class of discrete-time switched linear systems with average dwell time switching is investigated. First, a proportional integral observer with an exponential H∞ performance is constructed to estimate the system state and unknown input simultaneously. Second, both of the observability and the stability of the estimation error system are analyzed, then the derivation of the observer gain matrices is transformed into the calculation of linear matrix inequalities. Third, the obtained results are extended to the systems with output disturbances. Finally, two simulation examples are provided to show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed methods. 相似文献
998.
This paper considers a fault-tolerant control problem for a class of interconnected linear hyperbolic partial differential equation systems. Both subsystem faults and coupling faults are considered. Firstly, the well-posedness of the faulty system is analyzed by using semigroup theory. Secondly, for the fault-free case, a stabilizing boundary feedback control based on small-gain theorem is proposed. Consequently, in the presence of faults, fault recoverability conditions are established that maintain the stability of the faulty systems. The fault-tolerant control strategies are also provided. A heat exchanger example is taken to illustrate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed methods. 相似文献
999.
Integral sliding mode (ISM) control which consists of a nominal control and a sliding-mode motion control, provides a nice framework for high tracking performance and good disturbance reduction. Our work develops ISM to attenuate the adverse effect of mismatched perturbations. By properly choosing sliding-manifold surface, the elimination of disturbances on control outputs enables to be achieved. Additionally, the chattering of sliding-mode control part is attenuated based on second-order sliding mode idea. Then, the proposed novel ISM control scheme is applied to address trajectory tracking problem for helicopters under perturbations. Approximated input-output linearization is implemented, such that the obtained linearized model is suitable for applying the proposed ism control. The stability of the closed-loop system for helicopter and its convergence to zeros of tracking errors are demonstrated by Lyapunov theory analysis. Several comparison simulations illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed methods. 相似文献
1000.
Qun Liu Daqing Jiang Tasawar Hayat Ahmed Alsaedi 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2019,356(5):2960-2993
In this paper, we consider a stochastic multigroup SIQR epidemic model with standard incidence rates. By using the stochastic Lyapunov function method, we establish sufficient conditions for the existence of a stationary distribution of the positive solutions to the model. Then we establish sufficient conditions for extinction of the diseases. A stationary distribution means that all the individuals can be coexistent and persistent in the long term. Finally, some examples and numerical simulations are introduced to illustrate our theoretical results. 相似文献